Wheel loaders. Technical solutions and functionality

Wheel loaders.

Wheel loaders represent excellence in the construction equipment sector by integrating advanced technical solutions.

These machines combine unique structural features with established technological systems, guaranteeing high performance in various applications. Learn more about chassis, steering and transmission.

1. Chassis structure and linkage

The chassis of wheel loaders is characterized by its configuration in two half-frames (front and rear) connected by a central joint. This solution:

  • It resists flexing and twisting, making the vehicle stable on all terrains.
  • Easy to move around thanks to an articulated steering system that allows steering angles between 35° and 41°.

The joints use adjustable tapered roller bearings for greater strength and durability.

2. Advanced steering systems

Wheel loaders are equipped with a hydrostatic Load Sensing steering system, which:

  • Adjusts hydraulic oil flow based on flywheel rotations, improving accuracy and sensitivity.
  • This is backed up by a dedicated hydraulic pump or shared with other systems to ensure continuous supply.

Alternative options include:

  • Half-steering: provides increased sensitivity to control steering and gearshift simultaneously.
  • Cloche: a single-lever servo-assisted system for on-the-spot operations.

There is also an emergency system, such as auxiliary pumps, to ensure operation in the event of a breakdown.

Wheel loaders.

3. Operating performance: mechanical and hydrostatic transmission

Wheel loaders are characterized for their efficiency by two main types of transmission:

  1. Mechanical Powershift transmission
  • Includes a torque converter that balances power between the engine and transmission.
  • It works with Powershift automatic transmissions, which ensure smooth gearshifts without power cuts.
  • Available in two models: countershafts and planetary, ideal for high-horsepower machines.
  1. Hydrostatic drive
  • Based on a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, it offers advantages such as compactness, self-braking and easy maneuverability.
  • It allows operations like clutchless reverse and low-speed control with the engine at full throttle.

4. Advantages of wheel loaders

Wheel loaders offer operating speed, pushing power and stability ideal for digging and loading applications. The choice of mechanical or hydrostatic transmission allows them to be adapted to different operating requirements.

Wheel loader CAT

Conclusion

With their combination of advanced technology and operational versatility, wheel loaders are an indispensable solution for earthworks.

Last Updated on 9 January 2025